abstract：:In the United States there are approximately 100,000 women living with metastatic breast cancer. Bone is the most common site of breast cancer metastases and it is estimated that up to 85% of patients dying from this disease have developed osseous involvement. Skeletal metastases are often associated with dangerous an...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Van Poznak C

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is a spectrum of presentations of skeletal manifestations of malignancy that includes generalized osteopenia and hypercalcemia, focal osteolysis, focal osteogenesis, and osteomalacia and hypophosphatemia. In various preclinical animal models, parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) was seen to be produced by...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Goltzman D

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lung cancer is the number one cause of cancer-related death in both men and women in the United States. Non-small cell lung cancer accounts for approximately 85% of these cases. Despite complete resection, long-term survival for patients with operable disease remains poor. Studies exploring postoperative chemotherapy ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Pisters KM

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer has clearly been shown to reduce mortality. The benefits extend to pre- and postmenopausal women and those with node-negative, node-positive, estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, and ER-negative disease. Updated data regarding chemoendocrine therapy in postmenopausal women and anthra...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Tan AR,Swain SM

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Single-agent docetaxel has been shown to produce a significant decrease in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels among patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC). A recent study also showed that exisulind, a sulfone metabolite of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug sulindac, lengthens the median PSA ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Ryan CW,Stadler WM,Vogelzang NJ

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Non-platinum combination regimens have been developed for advanced non--small cell lung cancer using the novel and active agents docetaxel, gemcitabine, vinorelbine, and irinotecan. The aim of these combinations is to equal or exceed the survival benefits achieved with cisplatin doublets while minimizing toxicity. Of ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Rigas JR

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelium is a highly chemosensitive tumor. Combination chemotherapy can provide both palliation and a modest survival advantage in patients with advanced disease. As shown in a recent phase III trial, the new gold standard should be considered gemcitabine/cisplatin, although toxici...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Carles J,Nogué M

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effectiveness of current chemotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of solid tumors has reached a near plateau, suggesting we are nearing the limit of cytoreduction. It is hypothesized that this may be due to "subset effect," and that drugs administered according to responses predicted for particular subgroups ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Paik S

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypoxic areas are a characteristic property of solid tumors. Hypoxia results from an imbalance between the supply and consumption of oxygen. Major pathogenetic mechanisms for the emergence of hypoxia are (1) structural and functional abnormalities in the tumor microvasculature; (2) an increase in diffusion distances; ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Vaupel P,Kelleher DK,Höckel M

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preclinical studies with zoledronic acid (Zometa; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp, East Hanover, NJ) have shown its potential in malignant bone disease. Clinical studies in the treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy have been completed, as have phase I and II trials in patients with cancer and pre-existing bone metast...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Coleman RE,Seaman JJ

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carcinoma of the bladder is the most prevalent cancer in Egypt and in most African countries. At the National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo, it constitutes 30.3% of all cancers. The median age at diagnosis is 46 years, with a male preponderance of 5:1. Whether in Egypt or other African countries such as Sudan, Kenya, ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： el-Mawla NG,el-Bolkainy MN,Khaled HM

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Capecitabine is an orally administered fluoropyrimidine carbamate that is preferentially converted to 5-fluorouracil in tumors relative to normal tissue. Three different dosing regimens were investigated in phase I studies: continuous monotherapy, intermittent monotherapy, and intermittent therapy supplemented with le...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Seitz JF

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of the HER2/neu proto-oncogene and its role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer tumors, and the development of the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody, trastuzumab (Herceptin; Genentech, South San Francisco, CA), directed against the HER2 receptor represent major milestones in the research developments in bre...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Slamon D,Pegram M

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The limited single-agent activity of cisplatin, its toxicity profile, and the inconvenience involved in hydrating patients has compelled researchers to investigate other treatments as possible alternative therapies in non-small cell lung cancer. More recently, interest has focused on the potential of nonplatinum combi...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Georgoulias V,Scagliotti G,Miller V,Eckardt J,Douillard JY,Manegold C

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The potential benefits of docetaxel (Taxotere; Aventis, Antony, France) to patients with previously-treated non-small cell lung cancer have been evaluated in two prospective randomized phase III trials. In one study, patients with stage IIIB/IV non-small cell lung cancer who had failed previous cisplatin-based chemoth...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Shepherd FA,Fossella FV,Lynch T,Armand JP,Rigas JR,Kris MG

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients with successfully treated upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) tumors commonly develop second primary tumors (SPTs). These tumors occur more often than chance would predict, arise in both the upper or lower aerodigestive tracts, are frequently preceded by leukoplakia, and are a major cause of treatment-related fa...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Anderson WF,Hawk E,Berg CD

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past 5 years there has been a renewed interest in the use of monoclonal antibodies and immunoconjugates in the treatment of nonhematologic malignancies. This enthusiasm has stemmed from advances in recombinant technology allowing for the production of chimeric and humanized antibodies, from Food and Drug Admi...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Murray JL

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The benefits of radiation therapy (RT) as part of a treatment regimen for cancer must be weighed against the potential risk of harm to the patient and in the pregnant patient, the risk to the developing fetus. Information necessary for determining the potential effects of RT on the developing fetus include the gestati...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Greskovich JF Jr,Macklis RM

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Follicular lymphoma is a low-grade, indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma characterized by the presence of the t(14;18) translocation. The detection of this translocation using polymerase chain reaction techniques has been increasingly studied. However, the diagnostic and prognostic value of detecting t(14;18) rearrangement...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Bordeleau L,Berinstein NL

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stem cell transplantation has been successfully used to treat a wide variety of hematologic malignancies. New and exciting strategies being developed for use in conjunction with transplant will be useful in overcoming tumor resistance. It is now clear that a significant part of the antitumor effect of allogeneic stem ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Margolis J,Borrello I,Flinn IW

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related lymphomas consistently display a B-cell phenotype and are histogenetically related to germinal center (GC) or post-GC B cells in the overwhelming majority of cases. The pathogenesis of AIDS-related lymphoma is a multistep process involving factors provided by the host,...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Gaidano G,Capello D,Carbone A

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The acute tumor lysis syndrome (ATLS) is characterized by the rapid development of hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and acute renal failure (ARF). Hematologic malignancies are responsible for most cases of ATLS. Control of hyperuricemia and the achievement of a high urine flow are the mainstays of preve...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Flombaum CD

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The optimal management of early stage ovarian cancer with poor prognostic features remains controversial. On the basis of results of studies in advanced ovarian cancer, paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) in combination with a platinum agent has become part of adjuvant chemotherapy trials i...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Young RC

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In spite of the chemosensitivity seen with the initial treatment of malignant lymphoid disorders, relapse is common and death most often occurs as a result of disease progression. This is related to a multitude of resistance mechanisms associated with the various lymphoproliferative disorders. As a result, therapies t...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Byrd JC,Grever MR,Waselenko JK,Willis CR,Park K,Goodrich A,Lucas MA,Shinn C,Flinn IW

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Identification of tumor-, patient-, or treatment-related prognostic factors in renal carcinoma (RC) would allow the most appropriate application of current and future therapy to patients with this poorly responsive malignancy. Stage, including degree of lymph node and venous involvement, and grade remain the most powe...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Rini BI,Vogelzang NJ

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The medical treatment of squamous cell cervical carcinoma is receiving increasing attention. Cisplatin and ifosfamide are known effective drugs. Paclitaxel has been tested with interesting results in cervical cancer. We evaluated the toxic effects and the antitumor activity of a multiagent regimen that included paclit...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Zanetta G,Fei F,Mangioni C

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the combination of gemcitabine, paclitaxel, and carboplatin in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Previously untreated patients with stage IIIB or IV non-small cell lung cancer were enrolled into this trial. Sixty-nine patients from the phase II portion and eig...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Burris HA 3rd,Hainsworth JD,Erland JB,Morrissey LH,Kalman LA,Hon JK,Scullin DC Jr,Smith SW,Greco FA

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complications due to cancer and its treatment are common and increase in incidence and severity as the disease progresses. Central nervous system complications affect 15% to 20% of patients, and up to 75% have bone metastases at some point during the disease process. Endocrine abnormalities include hypercalcemia, adre...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Nelson KA,Walsh D,Abdullah O,McDonnell F,Homsi J,Komurcu S,LeGrand SB,Zhukovsky DS

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new era involving the evaluation of recombinant vaccines for colon cancer has begun with the concurrent emergence of insights and technologies in the fields of molecular biology and immunology. These advances include (I) the identification and cloning of an array of genes associated with the neoplastic process, such...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Schlom J,Tsang KY,Kantor JA,Abrams SI,Zaremba S,Greiner J,Hodge JW

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Treatment of hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) historically has shown limited efficacy. However, taxane-based chemotherapy regimens recently have demonstrated more promising results. Several groups have reported significant efficacy and minimal toxicity in patients with hormone-refractory disease receiving est...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Oh WK,Kantoff PW

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vinorelbine, a vinca alkaloid, was the first drug in over 20 years to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The drug's nonhematologic toxicities are usually mild; its dose-limiting toxicity is neutropenia. Vinorelbine has been studied in many phas...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Wozniak AJ

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Locoregionally advanced unresectable non-small cell lung cancer is defined by bulky primary site disease and/or regionally advanced lymphadenopathy involving the contralateral mediastinum and/or supraclavicular lymph nodes. These tumors are not amenable to curative-intent surgical resection but can be approached with ...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Vokes EE,Green MR

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatic metastases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The rationale for hepatic arterial chemotherapy has both an anatomical and pharmacological basis. Several randomized clinical studies of fluoropyrimidine showed higher response rates in all trials when the drug w...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Kemeny NE,Ron IG

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent advances in the biology of multiple myeloma cell growth and survival have suggested new avenues for treatment and potential cure of this disease. Adhesion molecules on the myeloma cell surface mediate their localization in the bone marrow via binding to extracellular matrix proteins and stromal cells. Stromal c...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Anderson K

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rituximab (Rituxan; IDEC Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA, and Genentech, Inc, San Francisco, CA) is a genetically engineered monoclonal antibody for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. This chimeric mouse/human, immunoglobulin GI kappa anti-CD20 antibody mediates complement-dependent cell lysis and antibody-depend...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Grillo-López AJ,White CA,Varns C,Shen D,Wei A,McClure A,Dallaire BK

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) is a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family, which produces factors that are considered to be important mediators of cell growth. Overexpression of HER2, which occurs in approximately 25% to 30% of human breast cancers, has fostered considerable interest i...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Ewer MS,Gibbs HR,Swafford J,Benjamin RS

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past three decades conceptual approaches to breast cancer have led to improvements in locoregional therapy and early diagnosis. Systematic screening programs with mammography reduce disease-specific mortality by 25% to 30%, while many patients with early breast cancer receive optimal breast-conserving treatme...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Hortobagyi GN,Hung MC,Buzdar AU

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well known that African American men are more likely to be diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer than White men. Racial variation in the use of prostate cancer early detection modalities (ie, digital rectal examination [DRE] and prostate-specific antigen [PSA] testing) has been suggested as a major reason fo...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Myers RE

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Docetaxel (Taxotere, Rhône-Poulenc Rorer, Antony, France) is highly effective in the first-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer, achieving an objective response rate of 61% (95% confidence interval, 52% to 69%). This rate of response is seen in patients with poor prognostic factors such as liver metastases and m...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Trudeau ME

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lymphomas of the head and neck arise in Waldeyer's ring, the salivary glands, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, thyroid gland, and orbit. Though anatomically in close proximity, lymphomas arising in these sites have distinct clinical characteristics. Factors that appear to influence the pattern of disease include concu...

journal_title：Seminars in oncology

authors： Yuen A,Jacobs C

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00